Time Series Decomposition
Y(t) = T(t) + S(t) + R(t)
① Trend T(t)
Hand-draw the long-term direction of the series.
② Seasonal S(t)
Choose the seasonal pattern and adjust its parameters.
③ Residual R(t)
Hand-draw irregular noise or unexplained variation.
④ Final Y(t) = T(t) + S(t) + R(t)
Composed signal showing all three components and their sum.
T(t) trendS(t) seasonalR(t) residualY(t) total